Do You Know How To Kidney Stone Surgery? Let Us Teach You!
In spite of the
fact, surgery is almost never had a need to treat kidney stones, since it pass
on their own, if they are small in size.
Surgery is just needed when the kidney stone does not travel through the ureter, and the kidney stone is very large (usually bigger than 20mm), or too many, caused by an infection, obstructing the urine flow out, large or particularly painful kidney resulting in hemorrhage or infection.
Surgery is just needed when the kidney stone does not travel through the ureter, and the kidney stone is very large (usually bigger than 20mm), or too many, caused by an infection, obstructing the urine flow out, large or particularly painful kidney resulting in hemorrhage or infection.
There are different types of kidney stone surgery such as ESWL, PCNL, open surgery, URS Ureteroscopy.
But nowadays, mainly 4 sorts of medical techniques are implemented by urosurgeons and the decision of technique is based after various elements, like the size and kind of stone, medications, patients physical conditions, other restorative issues etc.
These operative techniques may be followed if other medications (Water therapy, Ayurvedic or Homoeopathic treatment) do not work well or if patient employ a large stone.
ESWL (Extracorporial ShockWave Lithotripsy)-
Now a days, this
procedure is popular among people, in light of the fact that it is just a
non-invasive para-surgical way of stone evacuation of kidney/s. Although, mild
or general anaesthesia is necessary for just do it.
It is generally used in the case of up to 20 mm size of stones. Lithotriptor makes a more substantial and bigger stones into small pieces which might be flushed out from kidney with a normal urine flow, usually with or without mild pain.
ESWL is impressive at dealing with most stones in the kidney.
It is generally used in the case of up to 20 mm size of stones. Lithotriptor makes a more substantial and bigger stones into small pieces which might be flushed out from kidney with a normal urine flow, usually with or without mild pain.
ESWL is impressive at dealing with most stones in the kidney.
Advantages
of ESWL include:
- It is an
outpatient premise method.
- Effective
and safe method.
- Excellent success
rate for up to 20 mm measured stones.
- Outpatient basis procedure,
- Outpatient basis procedure,
so, patient can go their home basically a couple
of hours taking after the
procedures.
procedures.
- Recovery is exceptionally fast.
Limitations
of ESWL-
ESWL may not be the best treatment option
for specific sorts of stones like uric acid stones, cystine stone, struvite stones
does not breaks up due to its excessively hardness, and having resistance
characteristics, making it impossible to breakage with shock waves.
Pregnant lady is likewise contraindicated because it can be destructive for embryo (foetus).
Large stones may need a few ESWL treatment
sessions.
Patients who are on anticoagulant therapy
(blood-thinning agents like aspirin).
URS (Uretroscopic )
method
Ureteroscopy is a preferred way for the treating small-to-medium sized kidney stones found in any part of the urinary tract.This procedure can be used to remove or break up (fragment) stones situated in the ureter.
This procedure is employed to break up and remove the stone fragments.
In this procedure, a particular telescopic, a narrow, thin and flexible device known as ureteroscope tool is inserted through
the urethra and went through the bladder and up the ureter to the stone and
breaks up the stone with laser beam and take away the stone.
Advantages of Uteroscopic technique
- No incision required in this method.
- It is an outpatient basis procedure.
- Easy and
quick scheduling.
- Excellent, effective and successful results for little and medium-sized kidney stones.
- Done under spinal or general anaesthesia.
- Excellent, effective and successful results for little and medium-sized kidney stones.
- Done under spinal or general anaesthesia.
- Can be carried out without stopping
anticoagulant.
- Patient can go
their home after procedure at same day and could resume their daily activities.
- Recovery times are usually very short.
- Recovery times are usually very short.
- Ureteroscopy has a higher success rate for
stones all through the urinary system, including some stones that can't be dealt
with ESWL.
Complications -
May be bleeding
in rare circumstances.
Back pain.
Urinary
bladder irritation (with consistent urges of urination).
PCNL (Percutaneous nephrolithotomy)
In percutaneous nephrolithotomy, the
surgeon makes a small incision on the lumbar region.This medical procedure is
generally performed under general anesthesia.
For remarkably large or complex kidney stones, or for a large number of small stones in single kidney, the reffered method of treatment is percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
The urologist keeps running on the set of specific equipment to shatter the stones.
For remarkably large or complex kidney stones, or for a large number of small stones in single kidney, the reffered method of treatment is percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
The urologist keeps running on the set of specific equipment to shatter the stones.
A needle and guidewire are being used to access the
inside of the kidney.
PCNL is an inpatient basis treatment and usually requires hospitalization for 6 -7 days at least.
In a few of cases, most of patients can be discharged within 24 -48 hours of the procedure and could continue with their every day activities within 10-15 days.
PCNL is an inpatient basis treatment and usually requires hospitalization for 6 -7 days at least.
In a few of cases, most of patients can be discharged within 24 -48 hours of the procedure and could continue with their every day activities within 10-15 days.
Advantages of PCNL
- Good for
complex and large
sized stones upto 20 mm.
- Safe and effective method.
sized stones upto 20 mm.
- Safe and effective method.
- Capable of clearing most stones completely with one session. Most patients leave the hospital stone free.
- Less invasive technique.
- Hospital stay
might be required for 2-4 days, and the out of medical center recovery time is
fundamentally shorter than the open surgical method.
Complications
- Pain from the incision site.
- Sometimes bleeding may occur.
- Injury to the kidney and adjacent body organs like spleen, liver, diaphragm etc.
- Fever
due to infection.
- Arteriovenous fistula.
Although, PCNL has
an increased success rate of stone removal than extracorporeal shock
wave lithotripsy (ESWL).
Open surgery
Now a days open surgery is almost never used to eliminate kidney
stones because of different modern techniques availables out
there (defined above).
This procedure requires general anesthesia and an incision is made on the lumbar region and the stone is extracted through a surgical procedure in the kidney.
Patients are usually hospitalized for 6-7 days after open kidney surgery and generally devote some time about 5-6 weeks to recover at their home.
It's the most invasive surgical procedure to get rid off kidney stones completely and typically performed to eliminate very large, complex and extremely hard stones that's unable to shattering by lithotripsy (ESWL).
This procedure requires general anesthesia and an incision is made on the lumbar region and the stone is extracted through a surgical procedure in the kidney.
Patients are usually hospitalized for 6-7 days after open kidney surgery and generally devote some time about 5-6 weeks to recover at their home.
It's the most invasive surgical procedure to get rid off kidney stones completely and typically performed to eliminate very large, complex and extremely hard stones that's unable to shattering by lithotripsy (ESWL).
Other indications for open surgery are over
weight problem (obesity), an anatomically abnormal and malformed kidney, an
infected and malfunctioning kidney requiring complete removal.
Risks associated with open kidney surgery are -
severe bleeding, infection, fever, anesthesia related other complications, and an increased threat of getting hernia.
WRITTEN BY RAJESH KUMAR
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